What is Artificial Urgency?
Invented deadlines and 'only 2 left in stock' warnings are designed to make you decide quickly, before you have time to compare options or reconsider.
Where it comes from
E-Commerce Growth Teams (2010s)
How it hooks you
Exploits loss aversion: people are roughly twice as motivated to avoid losing a deal as to gain the same item, so urgency triggers impulse buys.
How to resist it
Apply a 24-hour waiting rule to any non-essential purchase made under time pressure.